Movements

Different 'movements' have shaped, still shape and will shape the face and nature of urban and rural areas. In the case of a movement of people within national boundaries it means that urban areas suck dry rural areas. Capitalist industrialization started vast relocations of rural inhabitants. Altough the guilty part is known it does not change the extreme and sad sight in rural areas-abondoned cots and farms without a humansoul.

Migration can be accompanied by two other terms. The first one de-territorialization reffers to the large scale migration + migrants are people who suffer under war, famine, political oppression, religous intolerance or/and enduring poverty.

The second term, re-territorialization also comprehends large scale mass movements+ a fact that everyday life stays in the frames of culture of place of origin.

Movement of people across national boudaries has nowadays many varietals. Traditional immigrants apply for permanent entry into other nations. But very often they are dependant on their friends or relatives because they run short in resources. Migrants also often double up with their friends or reltives and that is a beginning of a different problem-'hidden homelessness'.

Another varietal of immigration is - professional and middle class economic immigrants. It started out in the 70s, when US and many European countries accepted immigrants with high level skills.Another difference compared to traditional immigrants is that very often they retain their citizenship and ties to the homeland. Any kind of migration either on a small or large scale creates a situation where immigrants arrive with a certain

'ethnic luggage'and that defines the further tendency of the process. The fact that in London are represented 300 different languages or the city of Miami has become hispanic shows it quite well.
On a smaller and different scale take place urban and suburban social movements which are citizen initiation and the cause is a need of structural changes in social organization. The bulls eye is government. Rapid development is one thing that (sub)urban social movements try to prevent, because it leds to a rapid growth. (Sub)urban inhabitants have a government dependant cure - 'Growth control'-it helps to preserve the quality of life.
Preservation on a larger scale (and not so self-interested) involves architecture with historical/cultural values. Single building or built environment preserves the past. UNESCO has exapanded the concept of preservation object. The objects are already whole cities. But it has a sideeffect - tourism and consumerism. Attempts to show the world rarities and extraordinaries means that fragile palces are temporarly or seasonably overpopulated and instead of preservation takes place 'wear&tear'.