When analyzers are examining the global city and drying to define it, it seems quite difficult because, what exactly is global city. If I look it simply global city is a city that attends in word wide economy. Global city is a global economy command and control centre. It is a city what is well connected with others that are alike rather with the rest of the national cities. But does the center of worlds command and control of economy does cover whole city? It does not. Global city has two faces. One is the center what is global and the other is behind it. But these analyzers who are examining the city are often concentrating on the centre. And from that are coming mistakes and because of that theories and global city studies are overthrown and remade.
If in history treading needed a physical place that is sited in center of city (because of better accessibility), then now it is changing because of advanced electronics and virtual networks. But still it’s hard to let go of physical site and still these sites are situated in the center of city.
There is something that is common for global city and just big city – that are ghettos and racial segregation. Ghettos are usually placed behind the center and in front of suburb. And the term ghetto is followed by words like poverty, unemployment and substandard housing.
When few decades ago cities were occupied by whites then after sprawl to suburbs became popular the number of whites is getting lower and lower. Now in these areas are living immigrants, minority groups and people who can’t afford to live suburb. One reason why black districts were born, was because of racial discrimination and poverty. They couldn’t afford to by house in suburb. And now things have come to that black people rather live in black district. And this is even deepening the problem of segregation. In districts where are living people from many different nations, segregation problem is much lower but moving to suburbs or blending in with white people is difficult because of poverty.
There are also slums where housing is inadequate and inhabitants are poor. Though the first thing you see is housing, there is inadequate public services, poor medicine and education, lack of professionals. Slum areas, where everything is imperfect, are not common to developed countries, but to developing countries. And usually more than half of city population is living in slums.
Shanty towns are very similar to slums but there are some differences. These are unofficial living areas created by rural migrants. Housing has made illegally and from materials that have been found. And there is nothing but constant health crises, crime, poverty, and no future for next generation because lack of schools. Shanty towns are outcome of absents of low-income households.
Often people who are living in shanty town have a job in another part of city, but they come to live there because of low rent that is affordable for them.
Because these areas are created illegally there is constant threat of demolishment and be replaced with not affordable household. But in India the government has started not to demolish but to improve slums in order to create better living conditions.
For a global city is quite hard to carry out because at the same time to attend on global arena and look after its local inhabitants, is very complicated because of many components. More global and bigger the city is, the more problems have to be solved and the more aspects must be considered.
If in history treading needed a physical place that is sited in center of city (because of better accessibility), then now it is changing because of advanced electronics and virtual networks. But still it’s hard to let go of physical site and still these sites are situated in the center of city.
There is something that is common for global city and just big city – that are ghettos and racial segregation. Ghettos are usually placed behind the center and in front of suburb. And the term ghetto is followed by words like poverty, unemployment and substandard housing.
When few decades ago cities were occupied by whites then after sprawl to suburbs became popular the number of whites is getting lower and lower. Now in these areas are living immigrants, minority groups and people who can’t afford to live suburb. One reason why black districts were born, was because of racial discrimination and poverty. They couldn’t afford to by house in suburb. And now things have come to that black people rather live in black district. And this is even deepening the problem of segregation. In districts where are living people from many different nations, segregation problem is much lower but moving to suburbs or blending in with white people is difficult because of poverty.
There are also slums where housing is inadequate and inhabitants are poor. Though the first thing you see is housing, there is inadequate public services, poor medicine and education, lack of professionals. Slum areas, where everything is imperfect, are not common to developed countries, but to developing countries. And usually more than half of city population is living in slums.
Shanty towns are very similar to slums but there are some differences. These are unofficial living areas created by rural migrants. Housing has made illegally and from materials that have been found. And there is nothing but constant health crises, crime, poverty, and no future for next generation because lack of schools. Shanty towns are outcome of absents of low-income households.
Often people who are living in shanty town have a job in another part of city, but they come to live there because of low rent that is affordable for them.
Because these areas are created illegally there is constant threat of demolishment and be replaced with not affordable household. But in India the government has started not to demolish but to improve slums in order to create better living conditions.
For a global city is quite hard to carry out because at the same time to attend on global arena and look after its local inhabitants, is very complicated because of many components. More global and bigger the city is, the more problems have to be solved and the more aspects must be considered.
1 comment:
kole hale on kohe kirjaveaga alata. tahtsin kirjutada, et Cities within cities aga välja tuli nagu alati :)
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