City consists of different connections and everything has some kind of affection on something. Some connections are more visible to the eye and closer to us than others.
In many countries are related the crises of public education and the urban crisis. In US the better schools are located in the wealthier areas and in the suburbs. White parents send their children to private or parochial schools. So in the public schools study immigrants or children whos parents have immigrated, but in the US the official language is obviously English and that is one root of the problem. Immigrants and their children have to communicate and study in the second language. These two problems come down to a result where the pupils who study in the city public school are mostly with low educational results and from a poor minority group.
Schools and housing are also connected. In the UK living areas which are near a school are wanted, even real estate agents advertise houses emanating from the distance of a local school.
It is not very uncommon that living areas are seggregated by dwellers income, altough extremes co-exist. Dual housing market is one step further from seggregation by dwellers income, it also includes seggregation by skin color. This kind of discrimination leads to a situation where housing is a privilege. And that in turn predisposes existence of substandard housing. Inhuman conditions like lack of water, electricity or heat make the situation x times worse. Altough in the US the Department of Housing and Urban Devolopment has right to ´chastize´ substandard rental housing providers, the sitiation stays bad. The biggest problem concerning housing is having no house (=home) at all – homlessness. The statsitics about homless people are deceptive – illusive, because migrants double up with relatives and friends. These statistics also do not include mentally ill people, battered women, runaway youths and dwellers of temporary accomodation. But the sad thing is that even these deceptive statistics refer to homlessness as to a global problem. That is one of many faces of uneven development. Who wants can blame capitalism, once again.
Certain housing is is always in a certain neighborhood. According to New Urbanists ´the vitality of a neighborhood requires a balanced mix of functions – housing, shopping, civic institutions and open space.´ But we must keep in mind that the biggest consumers of the neighborhood are the children. And when they have not got much to ´consume´ they spend most of their time at home, doing their everyday ´opusculums´. Another problem is generation of ´pattery children´ who are overprotected and not active+independent in their environment. Cause of the problem is reduction of ´palyground´.
Another group of people we should keep in mind is - ´people with limitation´. Constrictive factor can be disabilty, age or poverty. And all these circumstances should be taken into consideration when changes are made in the neighbourhood.
When the children and elderly people go to bed starts a lot different ´consumption´ of the city. Revolutionary electric lights have made it possible. ´Nightscapes´ and ´nightshifts´ have changed the cities nature. ´24 hour´city ´, 3shift factories´, ´Ministry of Sound´, ´night venues´................................
There are existing two different cities in one – day time city and night time city – ready to be consumed!
In many countries are related the crises of public education and the urban crisis. In US the better schools are located in the wealthier areas and in the suburbs. White parents send their children to private or parochial schools. So in the public schools study immigrants or children whos parents have immigrated, but in the US the official language is obviously English and that is one root of the problem. Immigrants and their children have to communicate and study in the second language. These two problems come down to a result where the pupils who study in the city public school are mostly with low educational results and from a poor minority group.
Schools and housing are also connected. In the UK living areas which are near a school are wanted, even real estate agents advertise houses emanating from the distance of a local school.
It is not very uncommon that living areas are seggregated by dwellers income, altough extremes co-exist. Dual housing market is one step further from seggregation by dwellers income, it also includes seggregation by skin color. This kind of discrimination leads to a situation where housing is a privilege. And that in turn predisposes existence of substandard housing. Inhuman conditions like lack of water, electricity or heat make the situation x times worse. Altough in the US the Department of Housing and Urban Devolopment has right to ´chastize´ substandard rental housing providers, the sitiation stays bad. The biggest problem concerning housing is having no house (=home) at all – homlessness. The statsitics about homless people are deceptive – illusive, because migrants double up with relatives and friends. These statistics also do not include mentally ill people, battered women, runaway youths and dwellers of temporary accomodation. But the sad thing is that even these deceptive statistics refer to homlessness as to a global problem. That is one of many faces of uneven development. Who wants can blame capitalism, once again.
Certain housing is is always in a certain neighborhood. According to New Urbanists ´the vitality of a neighborhood requires a balanced mix of functions – housing, shopping, civic institutions and open space.´ But we must keep in mind that the biggest consumers of the neighborhood are the children. And when they have not got much to ´consume´ they spend most of their time at home, doing their everyday ´opusculums´. Another problem is generation of ´pattery children´ who are overprotected and not active+independent in their environment. Cause of the problem is reduction of ´palyground´.
Another group of people we should keep in mind is - ´people with limitation´. Constrictive factor can be disabilty, age or poverty. And all these circumstances should be taken into consideration when changes are made in the neighbourhood.
When the children and elderly people go to bed starts a lot different ´consumption´ of the city. Revolutionary electric lights have made it possible. ´Nightscapes´ and ´nightshifts´ have changed the cities nature. ´24 hour´city ´, 3shift factories´, ´Ministry of Sound´, ´night venues´................................
There are existing two different cities in one – day time city and night time city – ready to be consumed!
No comments:
Post a Comment